Social Security and SSI for a parent, and becoming a representative payee

Social Security retirement

Most parents already receive a retirement or survivor benefit. Two things to check: that direct deposit is set up (Social Security no longer mails paper checks), and that the Part B premium being deducted is correct. If your parent could get a higher benefit as a surviving spouse than on their own record, Social Security can explain; call 1-800-772-1213.

SSI: Supplemental Security Income

SSI is a separate program for people 65 or older, or blind or disabled, with very little income and few resources. In 2026 the resource limit is $2,000 for an individual and $3,000 for a couple, not counting the home and one vehicle, and Social Security's page says SSI is generally for people who earn no more than $2,073 a month from work, with other income counted too. Citizens 65 and older do not need a disability to qualify. New York adds a small state supplement. In New York, getting SSI usually brings Medicaid with it, which is why it matters for care.

Why a power of attorney is not enough here

Social Security does not recognize a power of attorney for managing benefits. Its own FAQ says being an authorized representative, having power of attorney, or sharing a joint bank account is not the same as being a payee. If a parent can no longer manage their check, Social Security appoints a representative payee, usually a family member.

Becoming a representative payee

Contact the local Social Security office and complete form SSA-11. Social Security will want a doctor's statement or other evidence that the person cannot manage their benefits, and will interview you. Once appointed, you use the money for the person's needs, keep records, and may receive an annual Representative Payee Report; spouses and some parents are excused from the report but still must keep records. A family payee does not charge for the role, and the benefit money must stay separate from your own.

Plan ahead: advance designation

Social Security lets a person name up to three people in advance who could serve as payee if the need arises. A parent who is still managing things can do this online or by phone, which avoids a scramble later.

Checklist

• Confirm direct deposit and the account it goes to.
• Ask Social Security whether a survivor benefit would be higher.
• If resources are under the limit, ask about SSI and the Medicare Savings Program in the same call.
• If a parent is slipping, ask about advance designation now.
• If they can no longer manage the check, apply to be payee with form SSA-11 and a doctor's statement.
• Keep a simple ledger of every dollar in and out of the benefit account.